Which disputes
Under article 25 of the Economic Procedure Code, these are disputes in the economic sphere that arise from civil and other legal relations between legal entities and individual entrepreneurs: contract disputes, debt recovery, ownership, and also corporate disputes and insolvency cases. Complaints against decisions of administrative bodies belong to the administrative court (article 27 of the Code on Administrative Court Proceedings).
Before the claim
If the contract or the law provides a pre-court claim procedure, follow it. Otherwise the court returns the statement of claim (article 155).
The claim and the attachments
The statement of claim is filed in written form and signed. It states the value of the claim, the calculation of the sum recovered, and information that the pre-court claim procedure was followed (article 149). You attach the documents that confirm payment of the state duty and the postal costs, that a copy of the claim was sent to the defendant, that the pre-court claim procedure was followed, and that the claimant has state registration (article 151). In practice these are the contract, the invoices, the acts, the payment documents, the pre-court claim and proof that it was sent, the duty receipt, and the calculation.
The time limit
Watch the limitation period: the general limitation period is three years. Under article 153 of the Civil Code, if the defendant states that the period has passed, the court rejects the claim.